To secure the working space for any type of EES, a large sphenoidotomy with wide opening of the anterior wall of the sphenoid sinus is a crucial step.


To secure the working space for any type of EES, a large sphenoidotomy with wide opening of the anterior wall of the sphenoid sinus is a crucial step.

The nasoseptal flap (NSF) has become the predominant pedicled mucosal flap used in advanced multilayered endoscopic reconstruction to repair skull base defects with cerebral spinal fluid leaks.

There is no meaningful advantage to justify using tranexamic acid as a best practice measure in rhytidectomy.

Cost-effectiveness varies between adults and children.

Pediatric otolaryngology appointments and surgical volumes have yet to return to pre-pandemic numbers.

There is evidence that steroid use may be beneficial to improve hearing preservation.

Betahistine is widely used in Europe and the rest of the world in the treatment of Ménière’s disease.

Radiofrequency ablation for benign thyroid nodule has recently gained traction among otolaryngologists for patients seeking a nonsurgical treatment option.

Literature review does not support routine use of tomography (CT) prior to planned primary stapedotomy in patients with adult-onset CHL/MHL.
Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak, smoking status, and non-Caucasian ethnicity are associated with significantly increased costs following endoscopic transphenoidal pituitary surgery.